ABSTRACT
A new multi-component spectrophotometric method was developed experimentally and theoreticallyto determine the accurate serum concentrations of the total bilirubin (TB), oxyhemoglobin (HbO2), andmethemalbumin (Mha) in healthy human adults and neonates with hemolytic jaundice. With respect to theexperimental technique, the method of preparation of serum solution has been developed, like the use ofdistilled water as a solvent and centrifugation of serum solutions to clear the sample turbidity. The resultsof TB were compared to the diazo-assay. Theoretically, the formulas used for the calculation of the majorcomponents (TB, HbO2, and Mha) in human sera have been derived based on the theory of multi-componentspectrophotometric analysis and the mathematical Gaussian elimination method for matrix calculation. Themethod of multi-component spectrophotometry, suggested in this study for determination of TB, showed% error (3.1%–4.9%), indicating the high accuracy of the method. The small coefficients of variation(CV = 3.65%–5.1%) indicate the high precision of the method. The results showed higher values of serum TB(p < 0.00005), HbO2 (p < 0.001), and Mha concentrations (p < 0.00005) in neonates, when compared to adults.The method is highly sensitive and accurate. It is inexpensive, precise, reproducible, and has the advantages ofsimplicity, speed, and can be computerized.
ABSTRACT
The gustatory system allows animals to distinguish varieties of food and affects greatly the consumption of food, hence the health and growth of animals. In the current study the morphogenesis of gustatory papillae was investigated in rabbit during fetal and postnatal life by light and scanning electron microscopy. Tongues were obtained from rabbit fetuses starting from the embryonic day [E16] to [E30] and from newborns till maturity. At E16, the first primordial of vallate papillae were observed as epithelial thickenings at the root of the tongue. At E18, the first primordial of fungiform papillae were observed at the posterior margins of the tongue where the Ebner's gland was also observed. By E26, the primitive taste buds of foliate papillae were not found and this might be due to transient degeneration. Mature taste buds of the foliate papillae were then observed by the end of the first week. Meanwhile, mature fungiform papillae were observed at birth and the vallate papillae by the end of the second week while the foliate papillae reached their maturity by the end of the first month. It is concluded that the rudiments of rabbit gustatory papillae appeared at different stages of prenatal development where the vallate papillae appeared first followed by fungiform while foliate papillae were the last to appear. The development of fungiform and vallate papillae occurred mainly during the prenatal period while the development of foliate papillae occurred mainly after birth. The present findings were discussed with previous publications
Subject(s)
Animals, Laboratory , Tongue/pathology , Tongue/ultrastructure , Histology , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Rabbits , Taste BudsABSTRACT
The small intestine is a highly differentiated organ that accomplishes both digestive and absorptive functions with great efficiency. The small intestine of rabbit was studied from early prenatal stage to full term in 15 fetuses and during the early days of life till maturity in 21 rabbits using light and scanning electron microscopy. In 15 days old fetuses, the epithelium was flat and stratified and the lumen was elliptical in shape. By the E18, the epithelial ridges were formed. The first rudimentary villus formation was formed in 21 days old fetuses and the true villi appeared by 24[th] days of gestation. At 27 days old fetuses, intestinal glands were not appeared yet. By the first day of postnatal life the duodenal glands appeared. The histological maturity of the rabbit small intestine occurred one month after birth. In conclusion, at all stages, the sequential morphologic changes of the rabbit small intestine developed to meet the structural and physiological demands during the fetal stage to be prepared to extra uterine life